Mold spores usually take root in dark and damp areas of the home and continue growing until they form black or white patches on floors, furniture or any other conducive surfaces. If left untreated they have the potential to cause serious health problems by producing allergens or highly toxic substances called mycotoxins. Contact with these toxins, either physically or by inhalation, can cause flu-like symptoms, skin rashes, or an increase in asthma symptoms or eye irritations, so it’s important to have your home inspected for growing spores and begin removing them as soon as possible.

If you’re doing the job yourself, it’s essential to use the proper work clothing and protective gear. There should be as little exposed skin as possible, and this means long sleeve shirts and long pants or the purchasing of a bio-hazard suit from the hardware store ($10 to $15). Everyday rubber kitchen gloves are sufficient, but check for any rips in the fabric. Depending on the severity of the mold, you may need a face mask and eye goggles (without holes). At the end of the day, clothing should be placed in a sealed plastic bag before leaving the home, and make sure to shower and wash your hair after every cleaning session.

The best way to begin your black mold removal project is by first going to the source. Moisture provides prime growing conditions, so hunt for leaky plumbing or ceilings first, especially around the affected areas. It also helps to have adequate ventilation to keep the area dry. If the leak is located on a moldy surface, it’s not a good idea to paint or caulk over it. Mold under new paint is likely to cause it to peel, so you need to scrub the surface with a bleach and water or ammonia and water mixture, and then repaint. The same applies to a caulked area. If you have mold damage embedded in soft materials like carpet padding or sheet rock, it’s best to just replace them.

Working with harder surfaces like glass or counter tops requires a thorough scrubbing with diluted ammonia or bleach,  and then letting it stand for fifteen minutes to disinfect. As always, it’s best to consult a professional to gauge how serious your problem is.